Computer Terminology
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Q261.What is virtual memory in operating systems?
Correct Answer: C
Virtual memory is an OS technique that uses a portion of secondary storage (hard drive) to pretend to be additional RAM when physical memory runs low.
Q262.Which core part of an Operating System is responsible for managing hardware resources?
Correct Answer: B
The Kernel is the heart of an operating system, directly interacting with and managing hardware resources (like memory, CPU, and peripherals).
Q263.Which system call is used in Unix-based operating systems to create a new child process?
Correct Answer: B
The fork() system call creates an exact duplicate child process of the parent process in Unix/Linux.
Q264.In database and recovery systems, what are 'checkpoints'?
Correct Answer: C
Checkpoints are periodically recorded, consistent system states from which the database or OS can resume recovery after a crash.
Q265.In operating systems, different files are primarily recognized and opened by their?
Correct Answer: C
The file extension (like .txt, .pdf, or .exe) identifies the file format and tells the OS which application to use to open it.
Q266.In MS Access, which 5-letter term starts with S?
Correct Answer: C
In MS Access, when you open a table or query results, Access displays the data in Datasheet view, which is referred to as a Sheet (5 letters). Other 5-letter objects are Table and Query, but they do not start with S.
Q267.Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is best defined as?
Correct Answer: D
DLT is a decentralized digital system that records and synchronizes transactions across multiple nodes or computers in a network without a central repository.
Q268.A programming loop whose body executes at least a single time is known as a ______?
Correct Answer: C
A do-while loop is a post-test loop, meaning its body always executes at least once before checking the loop exit condition.
Q269.Among the following, which data structure uses push() operations on its data elements?
Correct Answer: C
A Stack is a LIFO (Last In, First Out) data structure that uses push() to add elements and pop() to remove elements.
Q270.In programming, a named memory location that can hold a changeable value is called a _____?
Correct Answer: C
A Variable is a named storage location in memory whose value can be altered during program execution.
Q271.Which of the following operating systems was developed by Apple Inc.?
Correct Answer: B
Mac OS is Apple's proprietary graphical operating system designed for Macintosh computers, launched in 1984.
Q272.A data structure whose elements are organized sequentially in a single, ordered line is known as a ______?
Correct Answer: C
A Linear Data Structure (like an array, list, stack, or queue) arranges its data elements sequentially where elements are adjacent.
Q273.How many bits of a C++ integer are taken in memory?
Correct Answer: A
In most modern C++ compilers and operating system architectures, a standard integer ('int') occupies 4 bytes or 32 bits of memory.
Q274.A set of instructions/steps/rules that are followed to solve a problem is called _____?
Correct Answer: C
An algorithm is a step-by-step logical sequence of instructions or rules followed to solve a problem or perform computations.
Q275.Google Chrome is a type of?
Correct Answer: C
Google Chrome is a popular cross-platform web browser developed and released by Google in 2008.
Q276.What is a fundamental data structure that stores a collection of elements of same type in contiguous memory locations?
Correct Answer: C
A data array represents elements of the same type stored sequentially in contiguous memory blocks, allowing fast O(1) index-based access.
Q277.Which of the following operating systems is produced by IBM?
Correct Answer: A
OS/2 (Operating System/2) was initially a joint project between Microsoft and IBM, which IBM subsequently managed and developed independently.
Q278.Which of the following is not necessary for standalone computer?
Correct Answer: B
A standalone computer operates independently without requiring any network connections; thus, a LAN (Local Area Network) Card is not necessary for its operation.
Q279.How is dynamically allocated memory de allocated in C++?
Correct Answer: C
In C++, heap memory dynamically requested using the 'new' keyword must be explicitly freed using the 'delete' keyword to prevent memory leaks.
Q280.Which scheduling algorithm is least prone to starvation?
Correct Answer: A
FCFS (First Come, First Served) executes processes in their exact order of arrival, guaranteeing that every process runs and preventing starvation entirely.