Computer Basics

Correct Answer: A

As inputs scale to infinity, constant coefficients become negligible in determining asymptotic growth rate.

Correct Answer: B

User control and freedom provides features like Undo and Redo to help users gracefully recover from errors.

Correct Answer: B

Documentation provides comprehensive instructions, requirements, and guides for users and developers.

Correct Answer: C

Initial value: x = 0. Loop runs while x < 5. Iterations: 1st: x = 0 + 2 = 2. 2nd: x = 2 + 2 = 4. 3rd: x = 4 + 2 = 6. Now x = 6, condition x < 5 becomes false, loop stops. Final value printed is 6.

Correct Answer: A

Data redundancy occurs when the same piece of data is stored in more than one location. It often happens in databases or storage systems. Redundant data can waste storage space and increase the risk of inconsistencies.

Correct Answer: D

In Use Case Diagrams or Activity Diagrams, the start of a process is shown with a filled circle. The end of a process is represented by a filled circle inside another circle (final node). Ovals represent use cases, and rectangles are typically used for system boundaries.

Correct Answer: C

In a Use Case Diagram, an oval denotes a use case, which is a specific functionality of the system. Actors (users or external systems) are represented by stick figures.

Correct Answer: B

Lexical ambiguity occurs when a word has multiple meanings. In "He has duck," "duck" could be a noun (the bird) or a verb (to lower the head quickly). The sentence is grammatically correct but unclear in meaning.

Correct Answer: B

Unsupervised learning finds patterns or structures in data without labeled outputs. Common tasks include clustering and dimensionality reduction. Supervised learning uses labeled data, while reinforcement learning is based on rewards and penalties.

Correct Answer: B

A mutex (mutual exclusion) lock ensures that only one thread can access a shared resource at a time. It prevents race conditions, where multiple threads modify data simultaneously.

Correct Answer: A

A transitive relation means that if a relation holds between A and B, and B and C, it also holds between A and C. Example: "greater than" (>) is transitive: if A > B and B > C, then A > C.

Correct Answer: B

Preemptive scheduling allows the CPU to pause a running process if a higher-priority process needs it. This ensures important tasks are handled promptly.

Correct Answer: B

Integrity ensures that data or evidence remains accurate and unaltered. If evidence is accidentally changed, its integrity is compromised.

Correct Answer: B

Time complexity describes the amount of time an algorithm takes to run, typically measured as a function of the input size (representing execution speed). Memory usage is measured by space complexity.

Correct Answer: C

Data authentication is a security process that verifies whether data originates from a valid and trusted source.

Correct Answer: C

In most programming languages, boolean values are represented numerically, with false treated as 0 and true treated as 1.

Correct Answer: A

RAM (Random Access Memory) temporarily stores data and instructions currently in use by the CPU. It is volatile memory.

Correct Answer: B

Indent is used to move a paragraph closer to or farther away from the margin in word processors. It helps in structuring documents, highlighting paragraphs, or creating lists.

Correct Answer: B

MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) is an input device used to read characters printed with magnetic ink, commonly used in banks to process cheques.

Correct Answer: D

RAM (Random Access Memory) is primary, volatile memory used for temporary data storage during processing, whereas flash drives, floppy disks, and optical disks are forms of secondary storage.