Computer Basics
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Q521.Within a computer processor architecture, in which execution unit are all calculations and logical comparisons performed?
Correct Answer: A
The ALU is the digital processor core designed to perform calculations and process logical comparisons on binary data.
Q522.The semiconductor chip used to build computer CPUs is primarily manufactured out of which natural element?
Correct Answer: C
CPU microchips are fabricated on silicon wafers due to silicon's properties as an abundant, highly stable semiconductor element.
Q523.What is another collective name for computer input and output devices that are external to the core system unit?
Correct Answer: C
Input and output devices (keyboards, scanners, printers, monitors) connect externally and are termed Peripheral Devices.
Q524.Which of the following represents a correct association between hardware and its primary system operation?
Correct Answer: A
The computer monitor is an output hardware device used to display visual data. Mouse is input, and hard drive is storage.
Q525.In a computer system architecture, where does the Basic Input Output System (BIOS) reside permanently?
Correct Answer: C
The BIOS is firmware stored on a non-volatile ROM or flash memory chip on the motherboard, ensuring startup instructions are preserved.
Q526.______ is a Windows program that locates and eliminates unnecessary fragments and rearranges files and rearranges file and disk space to optimize operations.
Correct Answer: B
Disk defragmenter reorganizes fragmented files and optimizes disk space to improve system performance.
Q527.To remove unneeded programs and related files from a hard disk you would use a ______?
Correct Answer: A
An uninstall program is a system utility used to safely remove applications and their associated files from storage.
Q528.______ are types of changes that occur when text has been omitted from a document and must be inserted later.
Correct Answer: D
These are called insertions. Since insertion is not listed in the choices, None of these is correct.
Q529.The ______ program compresses large files into a smaller file.
Correct Answer: B
WinZip is a widely used file archiver and utility that compresses files to reduce storage size and speed up transmission.
Q530.Which of the following is program group?
Correct Answer: B
Accessories is a default program group in Windows that houses secondary utilities like Notepad and Calculator.
Q531.Which of the following holds the data while the CPU is currently working on it?
Correct Answer: B
RAM (Random Access Memory) holds active, volatile data and program instructions being processed by the CPU.
Q532.Open-source software ______?
Correct Answer: D
Open-source software provides source code accessibility, allowing free download, customization, and redistribution.
Q533.Which architecture uses a single memory space for both data and instructions?
Correct Answer: C
The Von Neumann architecture features a single memory space that stores both program instructions and data.
Q534.What is the purpose of a Fishbone Diagram in quality assurance?
Correct Answer: B
A Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa or cause-and-effect diagram) is used in QA to identify and systematically organize potential root causes of defects.
Q535.Which type of memory is non-volatile and can be electrically erased and reprogrammed?
Correct Answer: B
Flash memory is a non-volatile, solid-state storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed in blocks.
Q536.What is the output of the following C code? int main () { int x = 5; printf("%d\n", x++); return 0; }
Correct Answer: C
The postfix increment operator (x++) evaluates to the current value of x (which is 5) before incrementing x to 6.
Q537.Which of the following is a characteristic of a non-clustered index?
Correct Answer: B
A non-clustered index creates a separate logical lookup structure containing pointers, so the physical order of data rows does not match the index order.
Q538.In a multi-user environment, what is a common method to ensure fair CPU time allocation among users?
Correct Answer: C
Round Robin scheduling allocates fixed, rotating time quanta to each user/process, ensuring fair time-sharing and preventing CPU monopolization.
Q539.In a JK flipflop, what happens if both J and K inputs are held high while the clock pulse is applied?
Correct Answer: A
In a JK flip-flop, holding both inputs high causes the output state to toggle (flip between 0 and 1) on each active clock pulse.
Q540._________ is the rule of pattern that specifies how to certain input sequence should be mapped to an output sequence according to defined process.
Correct Answer: B
In programming, a macro is a rule or pattern that defines how a particular input sequence maps to a replacement output sequence during expansion.